Pub-AI: AI in Science

Latent Dynamics · 2026-09-30

Shaping Persistent Representations from Independent Interactions

Ji Dai, Quan Fang, Junyu Gao, Rongfeng Guo, Haoyan Rong, YipingHuang, Yongxi Li

arXiv:2609.34604PDF

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TL;DR

SPRII (Shaping Persistent Representations from Independent Interactions) is a relation-supervised training principle for world models that learns persistent context from related independent interactions without numerical property labels. It uses two components: Align (related contexts agree) and Cross (use one interaction’s context to predict another’s future), while keeping the learner’s native objective. The paper analyzes Formation, Use, and Value links from accessible persistent information to task error reduction.

Why it matters

The authors argue that standard predictive training can reduce prediction error using local evidence without organizing reusable persistent information. SPRII makes relations between interactions an explicit training choice to shape persistent representations, and the paper proposes an evaluation chain (Formation→Use→Value) to separate what is learned, whether it affects fixed prediction, and whether it improves downstream task performance.

Method

  • Introduce SPRII: use relations between independent interactions (e.g., same system/partner/task identity) as weak supervision for persistent context, without requiring numerical property labels; retain the learner’s native objective.
  • Use two composable components: Align (agreement/regularization among paired contexts) and Cross (predict a recipient’s future using donor context), with training objectives added to the base learner loss.
  • Analyze and test three linked questions: Formation (accessible persistent information in learned context), Use (effect on a fixed predictor under context substitution), and Value (task error reduction depending on prediction horizon and readout).

Limitation

Success at one stage does not guarantee success at the next.

Abstract (from arXiv)

World models learn environment dynamics from interaction experience. These dynamics depend on the current state and actions, as well as on properties that persist across interactions. Yet standard predictive training can reduce error using local evidence alone, without organizing persistent information into reusable context. We introduce SPRII, a training principle that uses relations between interactions as weak supervision for persistent context while retaining the learner's native objective. For example, different trajectories of the same system share persistent properties even when their states and actions differ. SPRII uses such relations to guide context learning without numerical property labels. Two composable components encourage contexts from related interactions to agree (Align) and use one interaction's context to predict another's future (Cross). Our analysis distinguishes three linked questions: what persistent information is accessible in the learned context (Formation), how that context influences a fixed predictor (Use), and whether it reduces task error (Value). Success at one stage does not guarantee success at the next. Controlled experiments show that more reliable relations improve representation organization, but adding a shared-property constraint can reduce access to a property that remains shared. Context substitutions change predictions at fixed model weights, while the benefit from history depends on prediction horizon and readout. Evaluations span thirteen settings, including controlled physical systems, public dynamics tasks, robotic and tactile data, and partner interaction, across multiple learner families. Relative to the corresponding baselines, SPRII yields average gains of over 10% in downstream task performance and over 15% in persistent-property readout. The project page is available at https://persistent-learning-review.netlify.app/interactive.html.

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